2. Group composition
2.1 Investments in and loans to associates and joint ventures
 

The Group holds the following investments in and loans to associates and joint ventures:

Cost and share of reserves   Loans   Investments and loans  
2022 
R'000 
20211
R'000 
2022 
R'000 
20211
R'000 
2022 
R'000 
20211
R'000 
Other associates  53 536  41 258  4 067  —  57 603  41 258 
Other joint ventures  22 611  14 344  44 536  22 763  67 147  37 107 
76 147  55 602  48 603  22 763  124 750  78 365 
Disclosed as: 
– Non-current assets  76 147  55 602  22 745  7 394  98 892  62 996 
– Current assets  —  —  25 858  15 369  25 858  15 369 

Loans to associates and joint ventures

      Total loans   Current   Non-current  
Effective
shareholding 
Interest
rate 
2022 
R'000 
2021
R'000 
2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000  
2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000 
I Talk Holdings Proprietary Limited  40.50%  Linked to prime  18 678  1 934  —  1 934  18 678  — 
I Talk Financial Services Proprietary Limited  30.38%  0%  7 259  7 394  7 259  —  —  7 394 
T3 Telecoms SA Proprietary Limited  50%  0%  14 544  13 435  14 544  13 435  —  — 
Wozza Airtime Proprietary Limited  50%  Prime + 2%  4 055  —  4 055  —  —  — 
Blu Train Proprietary Limited2  64.68%  Linked to prime  4 067  —  —  —  4 067  — 
48 603  22 763  25 858  15 369  22 745  7 394 
1 T3 Telecoms SA Proprietary Limited has been reclassified as a joint venture. The prior year figures have been restated for this. There is no further impact on the financial statements in this regard.
2 The Group does not control Blue Train, as they do not control the Board of Directors.

The loans as at 31 May 2022 are neither past due nor impaired with a low risk of default. The carrying amount of the loans approximates their fair value.

The loans to I Talk Holdings and Blue Train are repayable on demand. All other loans are payable within 12 months.

Joint venture Associate
Blue Label
Company Mexico S.A. de C.V. Cell C Limited
Principal activity Distributor of terminals
to vend e-tokens of value
Network provider
Country of incorporation Mexico   South Africa  
2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000 
2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000 
Cost and share of reserves at the beginning of the year  —  138 234  —  — 
Acquisition of associates and joint ventures  —  —  —  — 
Share of (losses)/profits from associates and joint ventures  —  (6 554) —  — 
Share of results after tax  —  (6 554) —  — 
Amortisation of intangible assets  —  —  —  — 
Deferred tax on intangible assets amortisation  —  —  —  — 
Foreign currency translation reserve  —  (6 191) —  — 
Dividends received  —  —  —  — 
Diluted  —  —  —  — 
Disposed of  —  (125 489) —  — 
Cost and share of reserves at the end of the year  —  —  —  — 
Loans to associates and joint ventures 
Loans at the beginning of the year  —  —  —  — 
Loans granted to associates and joint ventures  —  —  —  — 
Loans repaid by associates and joint ventures  —  —  —  — 
Expected credit loss  —  —  —  — 
Loans at the end of the year  —  —  —  — 
Closing net book value  —  —  —  — 
Share of (losses)/profits from associates and joint ventures  —  (6 554) —  — 
1 T3 Telecoms SA Proprietary Limited has been reclassified as a joint venture. The prior year figures have been restated for this. There is no further impact on the financial statements in this regard.
* The Group also has interests in a number of individually immaterial associates and joint ventures that are accounted for using the equity method which are aggregated under "Other associates" and "Other joint ventures".
Other associates* Other joint ventures* Total
Company
Principal activity
Country of incorporation            
2022 
R'000 
20211
R'000 
2022 
R'000 
20211
R'000  
2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000 
Cost and share of reserves at the beginning of the year  41 258  34 103  14 344  25 118  55 602  197 455 
Acquisition of associates and joint ventures  17 682  5 500  —  —  17 682  5 500 
Share of (losses)/profits from associates and joint ventures  (770) 4 289  8 812  5 216  8 042  2 951 
Share of results after tax  325  5 443  8 812  5 216  9 137  4 105 
Amortisation of intangible assets  (1 521) (1 602) —  —  (1 521) (1 602)
Deferred tax on intangible assets amortisation  426  448  —  —  426  448 
Foreign currency translation reserve  1 251  (2 634) —  —  1 251  (8 825)
Dividends received  (5 885) —  —  (14 000) (5 885) (14 000)
Diluted  —  —  (545) —  (545) — 
Disposed of  —  —  —  (1 990) —  (127 479)
Cost and share of reserves at the end of the year  53 536  41 258  22 611  14 344  76 147  55 602 
Loans to associates and joint ventures 
Loans at the beginning of the year  —  —  22 763  9 488  22 763  9 488 
Loans granted to associates and joint ventures  4 115  —  22 450  52 259  26 565  52 259 
Loans repaid by associates and joint ventures  —  —  (1 805) (39 204) (1 805) (39 204)
Expected credit loss  (48) —  1 128  220  1 080  220 
Loans at the end of the year  4 067  —  44 536  22 763  48 603  22 763 
Closing net book value  57 603  41 258  67 147  37 107  124 750  78 365 
Share of (losses)/profits from associates and joint ventures  (770) 4 289  8 812  5 216  8 042  2 951 

 

Associate
Company Cell C Limited
Principal activity Mobile network
Country of incorporation South Africa
Financial year-end* 31 December
31 May 
2022 
R'000
31 May 
2021 
R'000 
Statement of financial position
Non-current assets 12 833 049  13 565 997 
Current assets 5 305 662  6 228 984 
18 138 711  19 794 981 
Total equity (8 007 848) (5 559 338)
Non-current liabilities 5 280 021  5 800 315 
Current liabilities 20 866 538  19 554 004 
18 138 711  19 794 981 
Effective percentage held 45  45 
Net assets (8 007 848) (5 559 338)
Company net assets (15 307 778) (12 859 268)
Carrying value of purchase price allocations net of deferred taxation 7 299 930  7 299 930 
Interest in associate and joint ventures (3 603 532) (2 501 702)
Goodwill 1 317 776  1 317 776 
Accumulated impairment (2 521 152) (2 521 152)
Accumulated losses not guaranteed 4 806 908  3 705 078 
Balance at the end of the year —  —
Financial year* 1 June
2021 to
31 May 
2022 
R'000 
1 June 
2020 to 
31 May 
2021 
R'000 
Statement of comprehensive income for the year ended
Revenue 13 302 733  13 954 861 
Net (loss)/profit before taxation (2 448 510) 2 363 748 
Taxation —  89 619 
Net (loss)/profit after taxation (2 448 510) 2 453 367 
Other comprehensive (loss)/ income —  — 
Losses not guaranteed/(profits not recognised)** 2 448 510  (2 453 367)
Total comprehensive (loss)/income —  — 
Effective percentage held 45  45 
Share of total comprehensive (loss)/income —  — 
* Where the financial year differs from the Group's year-end of 31 May, special purpose accounts are prepared to coincide with the Group's reporting period. These special purpose accounts are adjusted for the Group's equity-accounted adjustments.
** The Group will resume recognising its share of the profits only after its share of the profits equals the share of accumulated losses not recognised.

Impairment of associates and joint ventures

The following investments were tested for impairment in line with IAS 36, by comparing the recoverable amount against the carrying value of the investments.

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less cost of disposal and the value-in-use. The value-in-use calculation applies cash flow projections based on financial budgets approved by the Board of Directors for the forthcoming year and forecasts for up to five years which are based on assumptions of the business, industry and economic growth. Cash flows beyond this period are extrapolated using terminal growth rates, which do not exceed the expected long-term economic growth rate.

Cell C Limited

The key assumptions used for the value-in-use calculations of Cell C Limited are as follows:

2022 2021
Average
EBITDA
margin
%
Terminal
growth
rate
%
Discount
rate
%
Average
EBITDA
margin
%
Terminal
growth
rate
%
Discount
rate
%
Cell C Limited 15.6 4.0 16.3 19.9 4.0 18.8

A limited scope desktop valuation was performed in order to determine the value-in-use of Cell C based on cash flow projections incorporated in its five-year business plan. Assumptions relating to the business, the industry and economic growth were applied. Cash flows beyond this point were then extrapolated, applying terminal growth rates. The discount rates used are pre-tax and reflect specific risks related to Cell C. The valuation does not take into account the effects of any planned future restructuring or recapitalisation.

The Prepaid Company's equity share of the value as at 31 May 2022 remained at Rnil, however there was a decline in value compared to the prior year attributable to the following:

(a) An increase in interest-bearing borrowings due to unfavourable exchange rate fluctuations and capitalised interest expense.

(b) A decrease in cash flow generation over the forecast period.

(c) A decrease in the assessed loss tax shield value due to delayed utilisation thereof.

The Group's remaining exposure to Cell C is as follows:

2022 
R'000 
2021 
R'000 
Concentration of credit risk:
Trade receivables 2 612 065  1 677 193 
Loss allowance on trade receivables to Cell C (26 717) (4 220)
Payables due to Cell C:
Trade payables (851 473) (456 902)

The Airtime Purchase transaction and the Umbrella Restructure Term Sheet referred to in note 2(e) are non-binding and do not create any unilateral obligation on the Group's behalf. There are no guarantees issued by the Group relating to any obligation of Cell C.

There is indirect exposure to Cell C as a result of the derivative liability. This results from the potential extinguishment of the derivative liability, linked to the solvency and liquidity of Cell C. Refer to note 3.7.

There is indirect exposure to Cell C as a result of the subscription sharing arrangement, refer to note 1.2 and 4.2.

Financial guarantee in respect of Cell C's facility

On 2 August 2018, Cell C procured R1.4 billion of funding from a consortium of financial institutions for a tenure of 12 months, secured by airtime to the value of R1.75 billion. In the event of default, The Prepaid Company would be required to purchase such inventory from the consortium on a piecemeal basis over a specified period that was agreed upon. These purchases would be made in lieu of purchases that would have been made from Cell C within that period.

An extension was concluded on 31 May 2020 with an agreed quantum of airtime purchases required to be made by The Prepaid Company on a monthly basis. This would have resulted in the Cell C facility reducing to nil by 31 March 2021. However, as at 31 May 2021, the above funding had declined to R182 million, as a result of The Prepaid Company purchasing from the security airtime. This outstanding balance was paid by way of The Prepaid Company purchasing approximately R35 million per month from the security airtime, commencing June 2021. The facility has been settled at year-end.